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Editor's note:, media reports that the domestic low-cost localization T800 carbon fiber, and its performance is completely lost in Japan toray company's products, through the efforts of several generations, finally achieved a major breakthrough in the, in this paper, from the observer, the title change. In the article the author introduced the history of Chinese indigenous research T800 carbon fiber, carbon fiber materials for the current China's production and development of a brief introduction, we also learn in the article for T800 carbon fiber material, weak old made great contribution to the research scientist. Domestic T800 carbon fiber to the success of research and development not only meet the needs of national defense, if the future can be popularized and applied in many industries, then bicycle industry as one of them, will gain a huge leap.
Recently, media reports, has been blocked by foreign monopoly T800 carbon fiber also declared to implement the low-cost localization in Harbin, its production cost is only a third of the international price. At the same time, the market has broken the monopoly of foreign companies in the middle and high end of the market.
More valuable is, according to the relevant units of paper and the test results, model of T800 carbon fiber on the performance is not lost in Japan toray company of similar products, and on the local technical parameters is a certain advantage. Although China's carbon fibre industry is in its development stage today, it is the result of the wind and rain.
The development of independent research and development has been difficult, and the technology has been introduced
In 1959, the Japanese invented made of raw silk add tension draft polyacrylonitrile carbon fibre, the method of the west in the 1970 s began to commercial, subsequently, due to the nature of carbon fiber fine, has been applied in civil aviation and military purposes.
China's carbon fiber research began in the early '60 s, but because of the bad when the international environment, and the west for carbon fibre such dual-use technology for China's high technology blockade, combined with domestic resources nervous, related research progress of carbon fiber is relatively limited.
Until 1975, under the deployment of general zhang aiping, more than 20 research institutes and enterprises worked together to solve the problem. However, there are also some flaws in the products, such as the relatively limited mechanical properties relative to foreign ones, and higher costs relative to foreign ones.
Over the next few years, the country spent more than 26 million yuan on the development and production of carbon fiber, partly to meet the needs of some defense forces. But there are also a big problem - the product quality cannot compare to Japan at the same time, the cost is significantly higher than that of Japanese products, and technology gap has the trend of more and more...
It is because of this, and that special era of the infinite cult of foreign technology, that many units are pinning their hopes on introducing advanced technology from abroad. One unit also pledged to provide financial support for the introduction of advanced technology from abroad.
Instead, as a result of batumi treaty (Paris as a whole, is for the embargo on the socialist countries and trade restrictions of international organization, the observer) restrictions, in terms of technology in the first tier international big companies are not willing to transfer technology to China, and even buy a small amount of equipment, also often encounter political barriers - Shanghai carbon factory trying not to move by the us department of defense equipment imported from America the interference fizzle out.
As a result, the technology is being introduced by western companies that are not mature enough to be in the middle and lower reaches of the technology. In the end, located in jilin province and Beijing two units chose fairly RK British company, however, fairly RK although slightly higher than the domestic company's technology, but in Japan, Europe and the United States is not advanced level. And although there is no clear evidence that whether have reservations on fairly RK company in technology, or intentional mischief, but seen from the results, it is hard not to let a person to lenovo conspiracy theories.
The two projects cost about $9 million, and by 1990, the carbonization furnace in jilin was never functioning properly. It took seven years for the Beijing unit to fail until it was "checked" in 1993, and the equipment was still unable to function properly.
As a last resort, when two sets of imported equipment were unable to function properly, they were sold for scrap iron. The failure to introduce technology has not only cost a lot of money, but also wasted precious time. And the technology gap has led to a bigger technological gap with Japan.
Sum up the lessons learned
In 2000, the Chinese research and development of carbon fiber is low, only three units in domestic force support, and it is just a small batch of supply to meet the needs of the national defense of the part.
In the autumn of life-threatening, metallography and Mr ShiChangXu offered to develop carbon fiber materials scientists, says Mr ShiChangXu: China's materials science and technology workers to solve the need of national defense of the hundreds of thousands of kinds of new materials, carbon fiber preparation technology can't breakthrough, is a major error of material science and technology work... ShiChangXu has nearly 80 years old at the time, after the 80 - year - old could just leave something, but he wanted to grasp a carbon fiber, he thinks, carbon fiber defense security guarantee, will die unsatisfied.
Then, set up by Mr ShiChangXu leader group (hosted by professor ke-jian li) daily work, responsible for polypropylene nitrile carbon fiber development countermeasure research. Combination of multiple departments and units, after a meeting for many times, in the past, research and development power dispersion, the mistake did discuss such problems as the service efficiency of funds, and formed a consensus: at four o 'clock on the importance of carbon fiber and technical difficulties of lack of correct estimate; Insufficient investment and serious misuse; Failing to form a national team; Lack of innovation consciousness and innovation environment (ke-jian li professor thinks that some consensus, while depth is not enough, but also largely reflects the actual situation, say too many words, may affect team unity).
It is these efforts that are important not only for avoiding the mistakes of the past, but also for the "fifteen" research grants. After that, the national natural science foundation approved carbon fiber 2 key projects. In 2005, the carbon fibre project was approved as the national major basic research project.
In order to promote research of the carbon fiber, Mr ShiChangXu offered to concentrate superior forces and break the portal, organization, development organizations control in 2-3, to establish competition mechanism and other measures, these measures have positive significance not only to focus on tackling tough problems, and improve the efficiency of the use of funds, to avoid the "several carved up, all the things". In the independent research and development at the same time actively, also don't give up the chance of technology import, domestic introduced the level of Japan toray carbon fiber T300 production line (T300, after all, is the 1970 s, was introduced in the 21st century hinder small), the industry development have played a role.
Is ShiChangXu etc. A number of the older generation of scientists trying to push, and a large number of unknown young researchers of selfless dedication, and the country attaches great importance to and a lot of money, and the policy of two legs and carbon fiber industry in China through the most difficult time.
In recent years, China's carbon fibre industry has developed rapidly, and carbon fiber production has been growing steadily, as shown below.
But as we see progress, we also need to see the gap. At present, the international carbon market half occupied by Japan, in a small tow fiber capacity, Japanese companies accounted for 49% of the world, on the large tow carbon fiber capacity, Japanese companies accounted for 52% of global capacity.
There is gap on capacity, not only on product quality and use purpose also has difference, the current domestic rivals toray couldn't commercial production T1000 products, in terms of use, domestic carbon fiber is mainly used for bicycle, golf clubs and fishing rods and other leisure sports supplies, and can be used in aviation carbon fiber products is relatively small.